Infant Data
Results
INDICATIONS
Treatment of hypokalemia.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Contraindicated in patients with renal failure. Rapid IV infusions, especially concentrated solutions through central lines, may cause arrhythmias including heart block and cardiac arrest. Peripheral IV administration of concentrated potassium solutions is associated with thrombophlebitis and pain at the injection site; central line should be used for concentrated solutions. Other signs of potassium toxicity include paresthesia of the extremities, weakness, and mental confusion
ADVERSE EFFECTS
GI irritation is common–most commonly diarrhea, vomiting, and bleeding– minimized by dividing oral doses and administering with feedings. Use with caution (if at all) in patients receiving potassium-sparing diuretics, e.g. spironolactone.
ADMINISTRATION
- Maximum infusion rate 1 mEq/kg/hour.
- Preferred concentration for peripheral infusion is 40 mEq/L; maximum concentration for peripheral infusion 60 to 80 mEq/L .
- A maximum concentration of 200 mEq/L for central line infusion has been suggested
MONITORING
Continuous EKG monitoring is mandatory if administering by the IV route, especially for central infusions. Observe IV site closely for signs of extravasation when using concentrated solutions. Monitor serum potassium concentration. Assess for GI intolerance.