CALCUTIONS AREA
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Infant Data
PMA= gestational age plus postnatal age
Results
MEDICAL INFORMATIONS
INDICATIONS
Use in neonates is generally limited to perioperative infection prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract and soft tissue infections caused by susceptible organisms, e.g. penicillinresistant Staph. aureus, Klebsiella, and Proteus.
- Infective Endocarditis: The following recommendations are based on a consensus of experts. The full pediatric guidelines can be found here:
- Sepsis, Prophylaxis; Catheter Removal: Reductions (11% vs 0%; p=0.021) in cultureconfirmed sepsis were demonstrated in a prospective randomized controlled study in 88 preterm infants administered cefazolin 1 hour prior to and 12 hours after removal of a PICC line compared with no antibiotic use. However, this study was criticized for methodology shortcomings that limit its applicability . Sepsis rates were 10.3% with removal of a PICC without antibiotics 48 hours prior to removal compared with 1.5% (p=0.002 ) in neonates on cefazolin/gentamicin at the time of removal of the PICC in a retrospective study (n=345).
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Adverse effects are rare, but include phlebitis and eosinophilia.
ADMINISTRATION
May be given by IV direct (bolus) injection, IV infusion, or IM injection. For IV bolus injection, inject slowly over 3 to 5 minutes at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. For IV intermittent or continuous infusion, dilute reconstituted solution to a concentration of 5 to 20 mg/mL. For IM injection, use a concentration of 225 mg/mL. Maximum 330 mg/mL.
MONITORING
Serum concentrations are not routinely monitored.