CALCUTIONS AREA
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Infant Data
Results
(Please note that emphasis has changed to caffeine citrate due to commercially available product. This product (Cafcit®) may be administered both intravenously and orally). The ratio of caffeine citrate to caffeine base is 2:1 (eg, 20 mg of caffeine citrate = 10 mg caffeine base).
MEDICAL INFORMATIONS
INDICATIONS
- Hypocalcemia, non-acute: in babies able to tolerate oral medications.
- Rickets: In enterally fed preterm infants with radiologic evidence of rickets, maximize nutrient intake by increasing human milk fortifier and/or volume of preterm formula. I maximization cannot be tolerated, then supplementation with elemental calcium an phosphorus is recommended. Vitamin D status should be evaluated and target 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of greater than 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L). The recommende intakes for enterally fed, very low birth weight infants are 150 to 220 mg/kg/day for calciu and 75 to 140 mg/kg/day for phosphorus.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Oral calcium preparations are hypertonic, especially calcium glubionate syrup. Gastric irritation and diarrhea occur often. Use with caution in infants who are at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis.
MONITORING
Periodically measure serum calcium concentrations. Assess GI tolerance. Assess serum phosphorus and vitamin D levels when indicated.