CALCUTIONS AREA
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Infant Data
Results
MEDICAL INFORMATIONS
INDICATIONS
- Bradycardia:Reversal of severe sinus bradycardia, particularly when parasympathetic influences on the heart (digoxin, beta-blocker drugs, hyperactive carotid sinus reflex) predominate. Prevention of bradycardia during endotracheal or nasotracheal intubation . Used to reduce the muscarinic effects of neostigmine when reversing neuromuscular blockade.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
- Cardiovascular Effects: Cardiac arrhythmias can occur, particularly during the first 2 minutes following IV administration; usually a simple A-V dissociation, more often caused by smaller rather than larger doses..
- Gastrointestinal: Abdominal distention with decreased bowel activity, esophageal reflux.
- Ophthalmic: Mydriasis and cycloplegia.
- Other: Fever, especially in brain-damaged infants.
- Respiratory: Post-operative respiratory acidosis was associated with pre-operative atropine 0.01 mg/kg IV compared with no atropine (22.9% vs 7.3%; p=0.016) in a retrospective analysis of 150 Asian neonates undergoing surgical ligation for patent ductus arteriosus. The mean capillary CO2 was higher in the atropine compared with no atropine group (49.35 vs 38.85 mmHg; p=0.0004). The mean capillary pH was lower in the atropine compared with no atropine group (7.33 vs 7.43 mmHg; p=0.0001).
ADMINISTRATION
- Intramuscular: Available strengths are 0.25-mg, 0.5-mg, 1-mg, and 2-mg strengths. Should be administered in the outer thigh with auto-injector left in place for at least 10 seconds. Massage injection site for several seconds after administration.
- Intravenous: Concentrations are 0.05-, 0.1-, 0.4-, and 1-mg mL. Administer IV over 1 minute as undiluted drug (0.05- or 0.1-mg/mL). Atropine may also be diluted in 4 mL of D5 W or NS
- Oral: May give IV dosage form orally.
MONITORING
Control heart rate during administration.